Privacy Statement

Benefits to Authors

We offer numerous benefits for authors, including PDFs on demand, a flexible copyright policy, special discounts on Research Rise publications, and more. For additional details on our author services, please click author services. For guidance on submitting articles, refer to our Guide for Authors. If you need further assistance, please visit our Support Center.

Article Types

The Journal accepts only full-length articles and review articles, which should not exceed 10,000 words, including tables, figures, and references, and Research Notes, which are limited to 2500 words in total. Other types of contributions are not eligible for publication.

Peer Review

This journal employs a double-anonymized review process. Initially, our editors will evaluate your submission to determine its appropriateness for publication in the journal. If found suitable, the submission will typically be sent to at least two reviewers who will evaluate its scientific quality. The final decision to accept or reject your article lies with our editors. Authors wishing to appeal the editorial decision may submit a formal appeal request in accordance with the procedure outlined in Research Rise Appeal Policy. Only one appeal per submission will be considered, and the appeal decision is final. Read more about peer review. Our editors do not participate in decision-making for papers that:

They have authored.
Are authored by their family members or colleagues.
Are related to products or services in which they have a vested interest.

Such submissions will undergo the journal's standard procedures, with the peer review process managed independently of the involved editor and their research group. Read more about editor duties.

Open Access

The Journal of Metaverse Business Designs (JMBD) is an open-access journal, meaning that all articles published within it are freely available to readers worldwide without any subscription or access fees. This open-access model promotes the widespread dissemination of research findings, allowing scholars, practitioners, and the general public to access, read, and share the content without any financial barriers. By making research openly accessible, JMBD supports the advancement of knowledge and fosters greater collaboration and innovation within the global community.

Ethics and Policies

Ethics in publishing

Authors must follow ethical guidelines stated in Research Rise Publishing Ethics Policy.

Submission declaration

By submitting an article to a Research Rise journal, authors implicitly agree that:

The work described has not been published previously, except as a preprint, an abstract, a published lecture, an academic thesis, or a registered report. For more details, refer to our policy on multiple, redundant or concurrent publication.
The article is not currently being considered for publication elsewhere.
All authors and the relevant authorities at the institution where the work was conducted have approved the article's submission.
If accepted, the article will not be published in the same form, in English or any other language, including electronically, without the written consent of the copyright holder.

To ensure compliance, we may use plagiarism and other originality or duplicate checking software to review your article.

Authorship

All authors must have made significant contributions to the following:

The conception and design of the study, the acquisition of data, or the analysis and interpretation of data.
Drafting the article or critically revising it for important intellectual content.
Giving final approval of the version to be submitted.

Additionally, all authors should agree to take responsibility for all aspects of the work, ensuring that any questions regarding the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are properly investigated and resolved.

Changes to authorship

The editors of this journal typically do not consider changes to authorship after a manuscript has been submitted. Authors should carefully review the authorship list and order, providing a final list at the time of original submission.

The journal's policy on authorship changes is as follows:

All authors must be listed in the manuscript and their details entered into the submission system.
Any addition, deletion, or rearrangement of author names should be made only before acceptance and must be approved by the journal editor.
Requests for authorship changes should be made by the corresponding author, including a reason for the request and written confirmation from all authors, including those being added or removed, agreeing to the change.
The journal editor will only consider authorship changes post-acceptance in exceptional circumstances.
The publication of the manuscript may be paused while an authorship change request is under review.
Approved authorship changes after publication will result in a corrigendum.
Unauthorized authorship changes may lead to the rejection of the article or retraction if it has already been published.

Declaration of interests

All authors must disclose any financial and personal relationships with individuals or organizations that could improperly influence or bias their work. Examples of potential conflicts of interest include:

Employment
Consultancies
Stock ownership
Honoraria
Paid expert testimony
Patent applications or registrations
Grants or any other funding

Authors who have no competing interests to declare should select the option, "I have nothing to declare." The resulting Word document with your declaration should be uploaded during the "attach/upload files" step of the submission process. Please ensure the document is saved in .doc or .docx format. Author signatures are not required.

We advise you to read our policy on conflict of interest statements, funding source declarations, author agreements/declarations and permission notes.

Funding sources

Authors must disclose any funding sources that provided financial support for the research and/or the preparation of the article. The role of sponsors, if any, should be specified in terms of their involvement in the study design, data collection, analysis and interpretation, writing of the report, and the decision to submit the article for publication. If the funding sources had no involvement in these areas, this should be clearly stated in your submission.

Please list funding sources in the following standard format to ensure compliance with funder requirements:

Funding: This work was supported by the National Business Plan [grant numbers xxxx, yyyy] and the International Disaster Management [grant numbers xxxx, yyyy].

Detailed descriptions of the program or type of grants, scholarships, and awards are not required. When funding comes from a block grant or other resources available to a university, college, or research institution, please provide the name of the institute or organization that provided the funding.

If no funding has been received for the research, it is advisable to include the following sentence:

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Declaration of generative AI in scientific writing

Authors are required to disclose the use of generative AI in scientific writing when submitting their paper. The following guidelines pertain specifically to the writing process and do not cover the use of AI tools for data analysis and insight generation during the research process:

Generative AI and AI-assisted technologies should be utilized in the writing process solely to enhance the readability and language of the manuscript.
Human oversight and control must be maintained during the application of this technology. Authors are responsible for thoroughly reviewing and editing the generated content, as AI may produce authoritative sounding but potentially incorrect, incomplete, or biased results. Ultimately, authors bear full responsibility and accountability for the content of their work.
Authors must not attribute authorship to AI or AI-assisted technologies on the manuscript, as authorship implies responsibilities and tasks that are uniquely human.

Authors must declare the use of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in scientific writing by including a statement at the end of the manuscript upon initial submission. This statement will be published and should be placed in a new section before the references list. An example of this declaration is as follows:

Section Title: Declaration of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process.
Statement: During the preparation of this work, the author(s) utilized [NAME TOOL / SERVICE] to [REASON]. Following the use of this tool/service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as necessary and accept(s) full responsibility for the content of the published article.

This declaration does not apply to basic tools used for grammar, spelling, and reference checking. If there are no disclosures to make, authors do not need to add a statement.

Authors are encouraged to review our policy on the use of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies for Research Rise authors. Please note that to protect authors' rights and maintain research confidentiality, this journal does not currently permit the use of Generative AI or AI-assisted technologies like ChatGPT or similar services by reviewers or editors during the peer review and manuscript evaluation process. We are actively assessing compliant AI tools and may revise this policy in the future.

Preprints

Authors may share preprints, anywhere and at any time. Sharing preprints, such as on a preprint server, will not count as prior publication. If accepted for publication, we encourage authors to link from the preprint to their formal publication via its Digital Object Identifier (DOI).

Writing and Formatting

File format

We request that you submit editable source files for your entire submission, including figures, tables, and text graphics. Please follow these guidelines:

Save files in an editable format, using the .doc/.docx extension for Word files and .tex for LaTeX files. PDFs are not acceptable as source files.
Format the text in a single-column layout.
Utilize spell-check and grammar-check functions to ensure there are no errors.

Double anonymized peer review

This journal utilizes a double-anonymized review process, meaning the identities of authors and reviewers are concealed from each other. To support this process, please submit your title page (with author details) and anonymized manuscript (without author details) as separate files.

The title page should include:

Article title
Author name(s)
Affiliation(s)
Acknowledgements
Declaration of Interest statement
Full address of the corresponding author
Email address of the corresponding author

The anonymized manuscript should include the main content of your paper, comprising:

References
Figures
Tables
Acknowledgements

Ensure that the anonymized manuscript does not contain any identifying information, such as author names or affiliations.

Read more about peer review.

Title page

You need to include the following details in the title page information:

Article title: Titles should be concise and informative. Avoid abbreviations and formulae unless they are widely understood (e.g., DNA).
Author names: Provide the full given name(s) and family name(s) of each author. The order of authors should match the order in the submission system. Ensure all names are spelled correctly. You can add your name in your own script within parentheses after the English transliteration if needed.
Affiliations: Include affiliation addresses, indicating where the work was conducted, below the author’s names. Use a lowercase superscript letter immediately after the author's name and before the corresponding address to denote affiliations. Provide the full postal address for each affiliation, including the country name and, if available, each author’s email address.
Corresponding author: Clearly indicate the author responsible for correspondence at all stages of the refereeing, publication, and post-publication process. This includes answering future queries about your results, data, methodology, and materials. Keep the corresponding author’s email address and contact details up to date during the submission and publication process.
Present/permanent address: If an author has moved since the research was conducted or was visiting during that time, a "present address" or "permanent address" can be indicated by a footnote to the author's name. Retain the main affiliation address as the place where the work was carried out. Use superscript Arabic numerals for such footnotes.

Abstract

You must provide a concise and factual abstract that succinctly outlines the objective of your research, methodology, the principal results, and the major conclusions. Follow these guidelines:

The abstract should be between 150 to 250 words.
The abstract should be self-contained, as it is often presented separately from the main article.
Refrain from including references. If absolutely necessary, cite the author(s) and year(s).
Avoid using non-standard or uncommon abbreviations. If you must include them, define them at their first mention within the abstract.

Keywords

You need to provide a minimum of five and maximum seven keywords for indexing purposes. Keywords should be written in English and should preferably not consist of multiple words (e.g., avoid using "and" or "of"). It is advisable to use abbreviations in keywords only if they are well-established in the field.

Tables

Tables must be submitted as editable text, not as images. Some guidelines:

Place tables next to the relevant text or on a separate page(s) at the end of your article.
Cite all tables in the manuscript text.
Number tables consecutively according to their appearance in the text.
Please provide captions along with the tables.
Place any table notes below the table body.
Avoid vertical rules and shading within table cells.

We recommend that you use tables sparingly, ensuring that any data presented in tables is not duplicating results described elsewhere in the article.

Figures, images and artwork

Figures, images, artwork, diagrams, and other graphical media must be submitted as separate files alongside the manuscript. Key points include:

Cite all images within the manuscript text.
Number images in the order they appear in your article.
Submit each image as a separate file, using a logical naming convention (e.g., Figure_1, Figure_2, etc.).
Provide captions for all artworks.
Text graphics can be embedded in the text at the appropriate locations. If using LaTeX, text graphics may also be embedded in the file.
All the Figures must have high resolution.

All images must have a caption. A caption should consist of a brief title (not displayed on the figure itself) and a description of the image. We advise you to keep the amount of text in any image to a minimum, though any symbols and abbreviations used should be explained.
Provide captions in a separate file.

Generative AI and Figures, images and artwork

Please review our policy on the use of generative AI and AI-assisted tools in figures, images and artwork:

The use of generative AI or AI-assisted tools to create or modify images in submitted manuscripts is not allowed.
An exception is made if AI or AI-assisted tools are part of the research design or methods (e.g., in biomedical imaging). In such cases, the use must be described in a reproducible manner in the methods section, including the model or tool name, version and extension numbers, and manufacturer.
The use of generative AI or AI-assisted tools for creating artwork such as graphical abstracts are prohibited. However, the use of generative AI for producing cover art may be permitted if the author obtains prior permission from the journal editor and publisher, can demonstrate that all necessary rights have been cleared for the use of the material, and ensures proper content attribution.

Supplementary material

We encourage the inclusion of supplementary materials, such as applications, images, and sound clips, to enhance research. Please follow these guidelines:

Cite all supplementary files within the manuscript text.
Submit supplementary materials alongside your article. Note that these files will appear online in their original format without any further formatting or typesetting by our production team.
Provide a concise, descriptive caption for each supplementary file detailing its content.
If you need to update supplementary materials during the publication process, submit the revised files rather than annotating or correcting previous versions.
Ensure the track changes feature is turned off in Microsoft Office files, as any tracked changes will appear in the published version if left on.

We recommend uploading research data to an appropriate specialist or generalist repository. For more information on depositing, sharing, and using research data and other relevant materials, please review our guidelines on sharing research data.

Article structure

Introduction

We suggest offering sufficient background information to contextualize your work. The introduction should explicitly outline the objectives of your research. It should include rational of the study clearly along with contribution of the study.

Literature Review

This is not mandatory for part of research article. Providing an adequate background to your work can help to avoid writing a detailed literature overview.

Material and methods

The materials and methods section should offer enough information about your materials and procedures to enable replication by other researchers. Here are some guidelines:

If the method you utilized has been previously published, summarize it and provide a reference to the original publication.
When directly quoting from a previously published method, use quotation marks and cite the source.
Clearly describe any adjustments you made to existing methods.

Results

The results should be presented in a clear and succinct manner. We recommend reviewing the relevant sections of this guide concerning the submission of tables, artwork, supplementary materials, and sharing research data. We encourage the results to be supported with clear and logical Tables and Figures.

Discussion

The discussion section should delve into the implications and significance of your findings without restating them. If suitable, you can integrate your results and discussion into a single section. It's advisable to minimize extensive citations and refrain from extensively discussing published literature within the discussion section.

Conclusion

The conclusion section should encapsulate the key findings of your study. You can choose to have a separate conclusions section or integrate them within a subsection of your discussion or results and discussion section.

Acknowledgements

In the acknowledgements section, please include individuals who assisted you during your research, such as with language, writing, or proofreading. Acknowledgements should be included solely on the title page, as this journal employs a double anonymized peer review process. Please refrain from adding acknowledgements as a footnote to your title.

Author contributions: CRediT

Corresponding authors must acknowledge the contributions of co-authors using the CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy) roles:

Conceptualization
Data curation
Formal analysis
Funding acquisition
Investigation
Methodology
Project administration
Resources
Software
Supervision
Validation
Visualization
Writing – original draft
Writing – review and editing

Not all CRediT roles will apply to every manuscript and some authors may contribute through multiple roles.

Funding sources

Please list funding sources in the following standard format to ensure compliance with funder requirements:

Funding: This work was supported by the National Business Plan [grant numbers xxxx, yyyy] and the International Disaster Management [grant numbers xxxx, yyyy].

If no funding has been received for the research, it is advisable to include the following sentence:

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Appendices

Please use the following format for appendices:

Label each appendix with a letter (e.g., A, B, etc.).
Number formulae and equations in each appendix separately, using formats like Eq. (A.1), Eq. (A.2), etc., and in subsequent appendices, Eq. (B.1), Eq. (B.2), etc.
Similarly, number tables and figures separately using formats like Table A.1; Fig. A.1, etc.

References

Reference format

Some guidelines:

Include author names, journal or book titles, chapter or article titles, year of publication, volume numbers, article numbers, or pagination where applicable.

The use of DOIs is recommended.

After your article is accepted, our journal reference style will be applied during the proof stage. If necessary, we will request corrections or any missing reference data at that time.

References within text

Ensure that all references cited in your article are also included in your reference list, and vice versa. Here are some guidelines:

Fully cite any references mentioned in your abstract.
It is recommended not to include unpublished results and personal communications in your reference list; however, they can be mentioned in the text of your article.
If you must include unpublished results and personal communications in your reference list, they should adhere to the journal's standard reference style. Replace the publication date with 'unpublished results' or 'personal communication.'
References marked as 'in press' should indicate that the item has been accepted for publication.

Linking to cited sources enhances the discoverability of your research.

Before submission, verify that all data in your reference list is accurate, including any copied references. Correct reference data enable linking to abstracting and indexing services such as Scopus, Crossref, and PubMed. Errors in surnames, journal or book titles, publication years, or pagination may prevent link creation.

We encourage using Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) as reference links since they provide a permanent link to the electronic article referenced. Refer to the example below, ensuring that the format aligns with the style of other references in your paper.

DOI link example (for an article not yet in an issue):
Hameed, W. U., Nisar, Q. A., & Wu, H. C. (2021). Relationships between external knowledge, internal innovation, firms’ open innovation performance, service innovation and business performance in the Pakistani hotel industry. International journal of hospitality management, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102745.

Reference style

Follow APA 7th edition and include author names, journal or book titles, chapter or article titles, year of publication, volume numbers, article numbers, or pagination where applicable.

The use of DOIs is recommended.

After your article is accepted, our journal reference style will be applied during the proof stage. If necessary, we will request corrections or any missing reference data at that time.

Guidelines for References in APA 7th Edition:

Journal Article:

Include the author(s), year of publication, title of the article, title of the journal (in italics), volume number (in italics), issue number (if available), page range, and DOI (if available).

Example: Smith, J. A., & Doe, R. (2020). The impact of social media on communication. Journal of Communication Studies, 25(3), 123-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomstud.2020.01.002

Book:

Include the author(s), year of publication, title of the book (in italics), edition (if applicable), and publisher.

Example: Brown, L. T. (2019). The essentials of effective teaching (3rd ed.). Academic Press.

Edited Book Chapter:

Include the author(s) of the chapter, year of publication, title of the chapter, editors of the book, title of the book (in italics), page range of the chapter, and publisher.

Example: Clark, R. P. (2018). The role of technology in modern education. In T. J. Wright & S. D. Green (Eds.), Advances in educational theory (pp. 45-67). Educational Press.

Conference Paper:

Include the author(s), year of publication, title of the paper, editors (if applicable), title of the proceedings (in italics), page range, and publisher.

Example: Jones, M. K., & Lee, H. S. (2021). Innovations in AI and their applications in education. In A. B. Smith (Ed.), Proceedings of the International Conference on Education and Technology (pp. 77-89). TechWorld Publishing.

Website:

Include the author(s), year of publication, title of the document, website name, and URL.

Example: Johnson, K. L. (2022). Understanding climate change. National Environmental Agency. https://www.nea.gov/climatechange

Recommendations for Using DOIs:

Using Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) in references is highly recommended, as they provide a permanent link to the electronic article referenced. For example:

Journal Article with DOI: Smith, J. A., & Doe, R. (2020). The impact of social media on communication. Journal of Communication Studies, 25(3), 123-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomstud.2020.01.002

By following these guidelines and including accurate reference data, you will ensure proper linkage to abstracting and indexing services such as Scopus, Crossref, and PubMed.

Submitting your Manuscript

Submission checklist

Before submitting your manuscript, please review our submission checklist:

One author has been designated as the corresponding author, and their full contact details (email address, full postal address, and phone numbers) have been provided.
All necessary files have been uploaded, including keywords, figure captions, and tables (with titles, descriptions, and footnotes).
Spelling and grammar checks have been completed.
All references cited in the article text are included in the reference list, and vice versa.
Permission has been obtained for the use of any copyrighted material from other sources, including the web.

Submit online

Our online submission system will guide you through the steps of entering your manuscript details and uploading your files. Please submit the editable file through Open Journal Systems (OJS). Editable files (e.g., Word, LaTeX) are required for typesetting your article for final publication. All correspondence, including the editor's decision and any revision requests, will be sent via email.

Please follow this link to submit your paper.

After Receiving a Final Decision

Publishing agreement

After acceptance, authors will be required to complete a publishing agreement. The corresponding author will receive agreement via email. We recommend reviewing Research Rise policies to understand more about our copyright practices.

Permission for copyrighted works

If your article includes excerpts from other copyrighted works, you must obtain written permission from the copyright holders and credit the sources within your article using Research Rise permission request and license form (Word).

Proof correction

To expedite the publication process, we request that you provide proof corrections within two days. The corresponding author will receive an email containing article proof, which allows for annotating and correcting proof. This enables you to edit text, comment on figures and tables, and respond to queries from our copy editor. Detailed proof instructions and alternative methods will be provided in our email. The purpose of proofing is to verify the typesetting, editing, completeness, and accuracy of your article's text, tables, and figures. Significant changes to your article during the proofing stage will only be considered with approval from the journal editor.

Resources for Authors

Research Rise Researcher School

If you need assistance to enhance your submission or navigate the publication process, support is accessible through Research Rise Researcher School.

Research Rise Researcher School provides complimentary e-learning modules, webinars, downloadable guides, and resources on research writing and the peer review process.

Language and editing services

We suggest using either American or British English consistently, without mixing both styles.

If you believe your manuscript requires language editing to correct potential grammatical or spelling errors and to adhere to standard scientific English, you may consider utilizing Research Rise Author Services for English Language Editing.

The names and email addresses entered in this journal site will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of this journal and will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party.